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COUNTRY PROFILE / TKM

Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan / TM

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Turkmenistan in numbers.

Area491,209 kmยฒWorld # 54 โ†’Population7.6MWorld # 103 โ†’Population density15.5 people/kmยฒWorld # 196 โ†’Life expectancy70.2 yearsWorld # 151 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 6,540World # 126 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Turkmenistan across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area491,209 kmยฒWorld # 54 / 2023 โ†’Population7.6MWorld # 103 / 2025 โ†’Population density15.5 people/kmยฒWorld # 196 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,991World # 9 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth1.6%World # 64 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate2.7World # 69 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate20.9 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 69 / 2024 โ†’Death rate5.8 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 165 / 2024 โ†’Median age26.2 yearsWorld # 156 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+4.8%World # 151 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1431.2%World # 66 / 2025 โ†’Urban population47.1%World # 155 / 2025 โ†’Net migration13.3KWorld # 39 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate1.7 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 50 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share2.6%World # 141 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy70.2 yearsWorld # 151 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy60.8 yearsWorld # 116 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people1.9 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 88 / 2023 โ†’Smoking rate5.4%World # 160 / 2024 โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 6,540World # 126 / 2025 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 49.8BWorld # 98 / 2025 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 22,602World # 99 / 2025 โ†’Real GDP growth6.3%World # 32 / 2025 โ†’InflationNo dataNo rank โ†’Unemployment4.3%World # 115 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment10%World # 115 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hours2,179 hours/yearWorld # 32 / 2023 โ†’Average sleep timeNo dataNo rank โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)No dataNo rank โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)4.3%World # 90 / 2024 โ†’Researchers per million peopleNo dataNo rank โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)0.1%World # 124 / 2023 โ†’Patent applications per million peopleNo dataNo rank โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per person2,814 kcal/dayWorld # 119 / 2023 โ†’Meat supply per person51.2 kg/person/yearWorld # 104 / 2023 โ†’Rice production85.5K tWorld # 77 / 2024 โ†’Wheat production1.3M tWorld # 44 / 2024 โ†’Coffee productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area8.8%World # 169 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person2,778 kWh/personWorld # 71 / 2023 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person10.8 tWorld # 23 / 2024 โ†’Internet use18%World # 198 / 2016 โ†’Mobile subscriptions88.2 per 100 peopleWorld # 161 / 2021 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rate1 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 139 / 2015 โ†’Road traffic death rate13.5 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 103 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)No dataNo rank โ†’Women in parliament25.6%World # 97 / 2025 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivalsNo dataNo rank โ†’International tourism receiptsNo dataNo rank โ†’World Heritage sites5 sitesWorld # 67 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupIslam2020 / 93%Main languageTurkmenMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceNatural gas2024Top export categoryMinerals and fuels2023Most mapped OSM sportFootball and futsal1,141 facilities countedWriting directionLeft to rightTurkmenLargest staple-food calorie sourceWheat2023Current currencyTurkmenistan New ManatTMTDriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originNo dataNo comparison data for this country