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COUNTRY PROFILE / SAU

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia / SA

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Saudi Arabia in numbers.

Area2,149,690 kmยฒWorld # 12 โ†’Population37MWorld # 43 โ†’Population density17.2 people/kmยฒWorld # 191 โ†’Life expectancy79 yearsWorld # 56 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 34,537World # 49 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Saudi Arabia across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area2,149,690 kmยฒWorld # 12 / 2023 โ†’Population37MWorld # 43 / 2025 โ†’Population density17.2 people/kmยฒWorld # 191 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,932World # 121 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth4.6%World # 2 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate2.3World # 84 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate16.5 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 91 / 2024 โ†’Death rate2.3 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 210 / 2024 โ†’Median age29.2 yearsWorld # 135 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+3.1%World # 193 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1423.6%World # 105 / 2025 โ†’Urban population84.6%World # 47 / 2025 โ†’Net migration119.7KWorld # 13 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate3.2 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 35 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share40.3%World # 25 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy79 yearsWorld # 56 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy65.6 yearsWorld # 47 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people3.4 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 49 / 2023 โ†’Smoking rate14.7%World # 104 / 2024 โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 34,537World # 49 / 2025 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 1.3TWorld # 19 / 2025 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 73,784World # 25 / 2025 โ†’Real GDP growth4.5%World # 64 / 2025 โ†’Inflation2.1%World # 128 / 2025 โ†’Unemployment3%World # 146 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment10%World # 116 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hours2,125 hours/yearWorld # 44 / 2023 โ†’Average sleep timeNo dataNo rank โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)No dataNo rank โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)4.5%World # 79 / 2023 โ†’Researchers per million people1,234.7 per million peopleWorld # 55 / 2024 โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)0.6%World # 60 / 2024 โ†’Patent applications per million people37.8 per million peopleWorld # 43 / 2021 โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per person3,660 kcal/dayWorld # 13 / 2023 โ†’Meat supply per person58.1 kg/person/yearWorld # 94 / 2023 โ†’Rice production1K tWorld # 109 / 2024 โ†’Wheat production820.4K tWorld # 55 / 2024 โ†’Coffee production760 tWorld # 54 / 2024 โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area0.5%World # 200 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person11,911 kWh/personWorld # 11 / 2023 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person20.4 tWorld # 6 / 2024 โ†’Internet use100%World # 1 / 2024 โ†’Mobile subscriptions159.5 per 100 peopleWorld # 24 / 2024 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rate0.9 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 144 / 2019 โ†’Road traffic death rate35.9 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 8 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)7.3%World # 4 / 2024 โ†’Women in parliament19.9%World # 128 / 2025 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivals20.3MWorld # 13 / 2019 โ†’International tourism receiptsUS$ 6BWorld # 29 / 2020 โ†’World Heritage sites8 sitesWorld # 42 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupIslam2020 / 87.5%Main languageArabicMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceNatural gas2024Top export categoryMinerals and fuels2023Most mapped OSM sportFootball and futsal5,648 facilities countedWriting directionRight to leftArabicLargest staple-food calorie sourceWheat2023Current currencySaudi RiyalSARDriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originPeople and mythological figuresSaud I