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COUNTRY PROFILE / POL

Poland

Poland / PL

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Poland in numbers.

Area313,930 kmยฒWorld # 70 โ†’Population36.4MWorld # 44 โ†’Population density116.1 people/kmยฒWorld # 90 โ†’Life expectancy78.4 yearsWorld # 61 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 28,420World # 59 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Poland across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area313,930 kmยฒWorld # 70 / 2023 โ†’Population36.4MWorld # 44 / 2025 โ†’Population density116.1 people/kmยฒWorld # 90 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,918World # 127 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth-0.3%World # 192 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate1.1World # 202 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate6.9 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 201 / 2024 โ†’Death rate11.2 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 23 / 2024 โ†’Median age41.3 yearsWorld # 47 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+20.8%World # 31 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1414.5%World # 187 / 2025 โ†’Urban population60.1%World # 125 / 2025 โ†’Net migration-330.8KWorld # 210 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate-9.1 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 198 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share4.5%World # 115 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy78.4 yearsWorld # 61 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy65.5 yearsWorld # 49 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people4 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 30 / 2023 โ†’Smoking rate21.7%World # 69 / 2024 โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 28,420World # 59 / 2025 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 1TWorld # 21 / 2025 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 54,262World # 46 / 2025 โ†’Real GDP growth3.6%World # 95 / 2025 โ†’Inflation3.8%World # 71 / 2025 โ†’Unemployment3%World # 148 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment10.7%World # 108 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hours1,807 hours/yearWorld # 83 / 2023 โ†’Average sleep time8.3 hours/dayWorld # 12 / Approximately 1998โ€“2006 โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)28.5World # 143 / 2023 โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)4.3%World # 88 / 2022 โ†’Researchers per million people3,675.1 per million peopleWorld # 32 / 2023 โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)1.6%World # 27 / 2023 โ†’Patent applications per million people92.7 per million peopleWorld # 29 / 2021 โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per person3,730 kcal/dayWorld # 10 / 2023 โ†’Meat supply per person83.3 kg/person/yearWorld # 40 / 2023 โ†’Rice production0 tWorld # 120 / 2024 โ†’Wheat production12.2M tWorld # 15 / 2024 โ†’Coffee productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area31.1%World # 107 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person4,370 kWh/personWorld # 53 / 2024 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person7.1 tWorld # 40 / 2024 โ†’Internet use88.6%World # 71 / 2024 โ†’Mobile subscriptions138 per 100 peopleWorld # 46 / 2024 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rate0.8 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 153 / 2023 โ†’Road traffic death rate9.4 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 128 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)4.2%World # 17 / 2024 โ†’Women in parliament31.3%World # 69 / 2025 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivals88.5MWorld # 2 / 2019 โ†’International tourism receiptsUS$ 8.4BWorld # 25 / 2020 โ†’World Heritage sites17 sitesWorld # 18 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupChristianity2021 / 70.7%Main languagePolishMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceCoal2025Top export categoryMachinery and electrical equipment2023Most mapped OSM sportFootball and futsal53,216 facilities countedWriting directionLeft to rightPolishLargest staple-food calorie sourceWheat2023Current currencyZlotyPLNDriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originOtherfield, Polans