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COUNTRY PROFILE / MDG

Madagascar

Madagascar / MG

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Madagascar in numbers.

Area587,295 kmยฒWorld # 48 โ†’Population32.7MWorld # 49 โ†’Population density55.7 people/kmยฒWorld # 144 โ†’Life expectancy63.8 yearsWorld # 194 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 599World # 209 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Madagascar across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area587,295 kmยฒWorld # 48 / 2023 โ†’Population32.7MWorld # 49 / 2025 โ†’Population density55.7 people/kmยฒWorld # 144 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,960World # 81 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth2.4%World # 28 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate3.9World # 26 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate31.7 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 22 / 2024 โ†’Death rate7.5 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 102 / 2024 โ†’Median age18.9 yearsWorld # 204 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+3.5%World # 178 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1438.9%World # 29 / 2025 โ†’Urban population32.9%World # 187 / 2025 โ†’Net migration-2.2KWorld # 119 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate-0.1 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 92 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share0.1%World # 210 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy63.8 yearsWorld # 194 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy55.1 yearsWorld # 156 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people0.2 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 171 / 2022 โ†’Smoking rate25.6%World # 45 / 2024 โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 599World # 209 / 2025 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 19.6BWorld # 137 / 2025 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 1,952World # 194 / 2025 โ†’Real GDP growth3%World # 114 / 2025 โ†’Inflation8.1%World # 34 / 2025 โ†’Unemployment3%World # 145 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment5.2%World # 160 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hours1,799 hours/yearWorld # 84 / 2023 โ†’Average sleep timeNo dataNo rank โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)36.8World # 66 / 2021 โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)3%World # 145 / 2023 โ†’Researchers per million people32.9 per million peopleWorld # 121 / 2018 โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)0%World # 141 / 2017 โ†’Patent applications per million people0.2 per million peopleWorld # 137 / 2021 โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per person1,978 kcal/dayWorld # 186 / 2023 โ†’Meat supply per person5.3 kg/person/yearWorld # 188 / 2023 โ†’Rice production5M tWorld # 17 / 2024 โ†’Wheat production1K tWorld # 115 / 2024 โ†’Coffee production49.6K tWorld # 24 / 2024 โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area21.3%World # 131 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person80 kWh/personWorld # 144 / 2023 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person0.1 tWorld # 204 / 2024 โ†’Internet use18.7%World # 196 / 2024 โ†’Mobile subscriptions75.5 per 100 peopleWorld # 171 / 2023 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rateNo dataNo rank โ†’Road traffic death rate29.2 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 32 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)0.7%World # 138 / 2024 โ†’Women in parliament14.1%World # 155 / 2025 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivals87.1KWorld # 171 / 2020 โ†’International tourism receiptsUS$ 202MWorld # 130 / 2020 โ†’World Heritage sites3 sitesWorld # 94 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupChristianity2021 / 74.4%Main languageMalagasyMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceOil2024Top export categoryTextiles and clothing2023Most mapped OSM sportFootball and futsal935 facilities countedWriting directionLeft to rightMalagasyLargest staple-food calorie sourceRice2023Current currencyMalagasy AriaryMGADriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originNo dataNo comparison data for this country