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COUNTRY PROFILE / LVA

Latvia

Latvia / LV

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Latvia in numbers.

Area64,590 kmยฒWorld # 125 โ†’Population1.8MWorld # 150 โ†’Population density28.6 people/kmยฒWorld # 172 โ†’Life expectancy76.4 yearsWorld # 93 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 26,312World # 63 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Latvia across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area64,590 kmยฒWorld # 125 / 2023 โ†’Population1.8MWorld # 150 / 2025 โ†’Population density28.6 people/kmยฒWorld # 172 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,918World # 127 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth-1%World # 208 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate1.2World # 193 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate6.9 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 201 / 2024 โ†’Death rate14.3 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 4 / 2024 โ†’Median age43.1 yearsWorld # 32 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+22.2%World # 20 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1415.2%World # 175 / 2025 โ†’Urban population68.6%World # 96 / 2025 โ†’Net migration-7.3KWorld # 144 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate-4 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 185 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share11.8%World # 72 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy76.4 yearsWorld # 93 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy63.8 yearsWorld # 78 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people3.4 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 50 / 2022 โ†’Smoking rate34.6%World # 15 / 2024 โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 26,312World # 63 / 2025 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 48.6BWorld # 101 / 2025 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 46,137World # 57 / 2025 โ†’Real GDP growth2.1%World # 140 / 2025 โ†’Inflation3.7%World # 74 / 2025 โ†’Unemployment6.6%World # 68 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment13%World # 94 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hours1,625 hours/yearWorld # 101 / 2023 โ†’Average sleep timeNo dataNo rank โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)34World # 90 / 2023 โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)4.3%World # 87 / 2022 โ†’Researchers per million people2,190.9 per million peopleWorld # 44 / 2023 โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)0.8%World # 46 / 2023 โ†’Patent applications per million people56.3 per million peopleWorld # 34 / 2021 โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per person3,342 kcal/dayWorld # 47 / 2023 โ†’Meat supply per person82.7 kg/person/yearWorld # 42 / 2023 โ†’Rice production0 tWorld # 120 / 2024 โ†’Wheat production2.5M tWorld # 36 / 2024 โ†’Coffee productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area55%World # 39 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person3,768 kWh/personWorld # 60 / 2024 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person3.5 tWorld # 102 / 2024 โ†’Internet use92.7%World # 45 / 2024 โ†’Mobile subscriptions121.3 per 100 peopleWorld # 85 / 2024 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rate2.5 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 94 / 2023 โ†’Road traffic death rate8.1 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 137 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)3.3%World # 26 / 2024 โ†’Women in parliament31%World # 72 / 2025 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivals3.2MWorld # 52 / 2020 โ†’International tourism receiptsNo dataNo rank โ†’World Heritage sites3 sitesWorld # 94 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupChristianity2017 / 76.4%Main languageLatvianMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceHydro2025Top export categoryWood and paper2023Most mapped OSM sportAthletics and running4,722 facilities countedWriting directionLeft to rightLatvianLargest staple-food calorie sourceWheat2023Current currencyEuroEURDriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originNo dataNo comparison data for this country