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COUNTRY PROFILE / ERI

Eritrea

Eritrea / ER

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Eritrea in numbers.

Area121,766 kmยฒWorld # 99 โ†’Population3.6MWorld # 131 โ†’Population density29.6 people/kmยฒWorld # 168 โ†’Life expectancy68.9 yearsWorld # 160 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 689World # 204 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Eritrea across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area121,766 kmยฒWorld # 99 / 2023 โ†’Population3.6MWorld # 131 / 2025 โ†’Population density29.6 people/kmยฒWorld # 168 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,993World # 5 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth2%World # 50 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate3.7World # 36 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate28.7 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 36 / 2024 โ†’Death rate6 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 161 / 2024 โ†’Median age18.7 yearsWorld # 206 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+4.3%World # 160 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1437.6%World # 38 / 2025 โ†’Urban population34.5%World # 184 / 2025 โ†’Net migration-6.7KWorld # 141 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate-1.9 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 156 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share0.4%World # 197 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy68.9 yearsWorld # 160 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy55.4 yearsWorld # 154 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people0.1 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 185 / 2022 โ†’Smoking rateNo dataNo rank โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 689World # 204 / 2011 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 2.1BWorld # 189 / 2011 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 1,742World # 197 / 2011 โ†’Real GDP growth8.7%World # 8 / 2011 โ†’InflationNo dataNo rank โ†’Unemployment6%World # 77 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment10.2%World # 112 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hoursNo dataNo rank โ†’Average sleep timeNo dataNo rank โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)No dataNo rank โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)No dataNo rank โ†’Researchers per million peopleNo dataNo rank โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)No dataNo rank โ†’Patent applications per million peopleNo dataNo rank โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per personNo dataNo rank โ†’Meat supply per personNo dataNo rank โ†’Rice productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Wheat production25K tWorld # 93 / 2024 โ†’Coffee productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area8.6%World # 170 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person123 kWh/personWorld # 139 / 2023 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person0.2 tWorld # 198 / 2024 โ†’Internet use14.3%World # 203 / 2020 โ†’Mobile subscriptions59.1 per 100 peopleWorld # 195 / 2022 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rate15.6 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 26 / 2012 โ†’Road traffic death rate37.9 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 5 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)No dataNo rank โ†’Women in parliament22%World # 113 / 2019 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivals142KWorld # 162 / 2016 โ†’International tourism receiptsUS$ 48MWorld # 162 / 2016 โ†’World Heritage sites1 sitesWorld # 138 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupNo dataNo comparison data for this countryMain languageTigrinyaMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceOil2024Top export categoryMinerals and fuels2023Most mapped OSM sportFootball and futsal59 facilities countedWriting directionLeft to rightTigrinyaLargest staple-food calorie sourceNo dataNo comparison data for this countryCurrent currencyNakfaERNDriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originPlaces and landformsRed Sea