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COUNTRY PROFILE / BIH

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina / BA

01 / BASIC INFORMATION

Bosnia and Herzegovina in numbers.

Area51,210 kmยฒWorld # 127 โ†’Population3.1MWorld # 135 โ†’Population density61.3 people/kmยฒWorld # 140 โ†’Life expectancy78 yearsWorld # 67 โ†’GDP per capitaUS$ 10,382World # 102 โ†’

02 / ALL RANKINGS

Bosnia and Herzegovina across 51 rankings.

Essentials

Area51,210 kmยฒWorld # 127 / 2023 โ†’Population3.1MWorld # 135 / 2025 โ†’Population density61.3 people/kmยฒWorld # 140 / Population 2025 ยท area 2023 โ†’Independence / founding reference year1,992World # 8 / CIA World Factbook 2025 archive โ†’

People & society

Population growth-0.8%World # 207 / 2025 โ†’Total fertility rate1.5World # 151 / 2024 โ†’Birth rate7.7 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 192 / 2024 โ†’Death rate13.5 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 7 / 2024 โ†’Median age44.9 yearsWorld # 17 / 2023 โ†’Population aged 65+22.9%World # 15 / 2025 โ†’Population aged 0โ€“1412.8%World # 205 / 2025 โ†’Urban population52.7%World # 149 / 2025 โ†’Net migration-7KWorld # 143 / 2025 โ†’Net migration rate-2.2 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 163 / 2025 โ†’International migrant share1.1%World # 170 / 2024 โ†’

Health

Life expectancy78 yearsWorld # 67 / 2024 โ†’Healthy life expectancy65 yearsWorld # 56 / 2021 โ†’Physicians per 1,000 people2.6 per 1,000 peopleWorld # 76 / 2019 โ†’Smoking rate37.1%World # 11 / 2024 โ†’

Economy & work

GDP per capitaUS$ 10,382World # 102 / 2025 โ†’Nominal GDPUS$ 32.6BWorld # 111 / 2025 โ†’GDP per capita (PPP)US$ 25,814World # 91 / 2025 โ†’Real GDP growth2.1%World # 141 / 2025 โ†’Inflation6.1%World # 40 / 2023 โ†’Unemployment11%World # 33 / 2025 โ†’Youth unemployment28.2%World # 24 / 2025 โ†’Average annual working hours2,122 hours/yearWorld # 46 / 2023 โ†’Average sleep timeNo dataNo rank โ†’Income inequality (Gini index)30.3World # 129 / 2021 โ†’

Education & science

Education spending (% of GDP)3.2%World # 133 / 2023 โ†’Researchers per million people705.2 per million peopleWorld # 71 / 2024 โ†’R&D spending (% of GDP)0.2%World # 103 / 2024 โ†’Patent applications per million people16.9 per million peopleWorld # 65 / 2021 โ†’

Food & agriculture

Calorie supply per person3,458 kcal/dayWorld # 27 / 2023 โ†’Meat supply per person51.9 kg/person/yearWorld # 102 / 2023 โ†’Rice productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Wheat production279.3K tWorld # 69 / 2024 โ†’Coffee productionNo dataNo rank โ†’Coffee consumption per personNo dataNo rank โ†’

Environment & digital

Forest area42.7%World # 68 / 2023 โ†’Electricity use per person3,677 kWh/personWorld # 62 / 2023 โ†’COโ‚‚ emissions per person6.1 tWorld # 51 / 2024 โ†’Internet use86.1%World # 82 / 2024 โ†’Mobile subscriptions121.2 per 100 peopleWorld # 86 / 2024 โ†’

Safety & politics

Homicide rate1.2 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 128 / 2023 โ†’Road traffic death rate13.5 per 100,000 peopleWorld # 103 / 2019 โ†’Military spending (% of GDP)0.7%World # 133 / 2024 โ†’Women in parliament19%World # 132 / 2025 โ†’

Travel & culture

International tourist arrivals197KWorld # 156 / 2020 โ†’International tourism receiptsUS$ 438MWorld # 104 / 2020 โ†’World Heritage sites5 sitesWorld # 67 / 2026-07 โ†’

03 / CULTURE & INDUSTRY

Society, culture and industry.

Largest religious groupIslam2013 / 50.7%Main languageBosnianMain functional languageLeading electricity sourceCoal2025Top export categoryMachinery and electrical equipment2023Most mapped OSM sportFootball and futsal2,749 facilities countedWriting directionLeft to rightBosnianLargest staple-food calorie sourceWheat2023Current currencyConvertible MarkBAMDriving sideRight-hand trafficSide of the road used by trafficCountry-name originNo dataNo comparison data for this country